Free Essays on Joan Of Ark

There are many religious people who hear God’s call; one of the most famous was Joan of Arc. Joan stood up for what she believed in and never backed down. She courageously fought for her country’s sake and even in the face of death she still held strong. When facing death she replied, â€Å"I pray you, go to the nearest church, and bring me the cross, and hold it up level with my eyes until I am dead. I would have the cross on which God hung be ever before my eyes while life lasts in me. Jesus, Jesus!†(Trask 144). Joan of Arc is a very inspirational person and was a great leader, and without her the French would have never won the Hundred Years War. Before Joan was born, England and France fought over French land. This argument was called the Hundred Years War. England owned the land Aquitaine since the twelfth century. France wanted their land back but English did not want to give it up. The war was getting very expensive for the French. The French suffered from the defeat and they had to sign a terrible agreement. This agreement was called The Treaty of Troyes, and it stated that after France’s king, Charles VI died; Henry V would become the new king. While this war was going on, Joan and her family had to leave Domremy to escape an attack on their village. The family escaped to Neufchatel. Joan was only thirteen at the time and all the invading soldiers and fighting were a big impact on her mind (â€Å"Awesome Stories†). Jehenette, as she was called, lived in a town called Domremy. She was born a simple peasant girl (Henneman 128). Joan was the third of five children. She helped her father, Jacques D. Arc, by grazing the cattle and sheep. On Saturdays she went to Greux, neighboring village, with friends and her sister. While at the church they prayed to many saints who had their statues around the church. Saint Margaret, Saint Catherine, and Saint Michael were three saints that were very important in Joan’... Free Essays on Joan Of Ark Free Essays on Joan Of Ark There are many religious people who hear God’s call; one of the most famous was Joan of Arc. Joan stood up for what she believed in and never backed down. She courageously fought for her country’s sake and even in the face of death she still held strong. When facing death she replied, â€Å"I pray you, go to the nearest church, and bring me the cross, and hold it up level with my eyes until I am dead. I would have the cross on which God hung be ever before my eyes while life lasts in me. Jesus, Jesus!†(Trask 144). Joan of Arc is a very inspirational person and was a great leader, and without her the French would have never won the Hundred Years War. Before Joan was born, England and France fought over French land. This argument was called the Hundred Years War. England owned the land Aquitaine since the twelfth century. France wanted their land back but English did not want to give it up. The war was getting very expensive for the French. The French suffered from the defeat and they had to sign a terrible agreement. This agreement was called The Treaty of Troyes, and it stated that after France’s king, Charles VI died; Henry V would become the new king. While this war was going on, Joan and her family had to leave Domremy to escape an attack on their village. The family escaped to Neufchatel. Joan was only thirteen at the time and all the invading soldiers and fighting were a big impact on her mind (â€Å"Awesome Stories†). Jehenette, as she was called, lived in a town called Domremy. She was born a simple peasant girl (Henneman 128). Joan was the third of five children. She helped her father, Jacques D. Arc, by grazing the cattle and sheep. On Saturdays she went to Greux, neighboring village, with friends and her sister. While at the church they prayed to many saints who had their statues around the church. Saint Margaret, Saint Catherine, and Saint Michael were three saints that were very important in Joan’...

How Proper Tire Inflation Can Help the Environment

How Proper Tire Inflation Can Help the Environment When tires are not inflated to the pounds per square inch (PSI) rating recommended by manufacturers, they are less â€Å"round† and require more energy to begin moving and to maintain speed. As such, under-inflated tires do indeed contribute to pollution and increase fuel costs. Get Better Mileage An informal study by students at Carnegie Mellon University found that the majority of cars on U.S. roads are operating on tires inflated to only 80 percent of capacity. According to the website, fueleconomy.gov, inflating tires to their proper pressure can improve mileage by about 3.3 percent, whereas leaving them under-inflated can lower mileage by 0.4 percent for every one PSI drop in pressure of all four tires. Fuel Costs and Emissions That may not sound like much, but it means that the average person who drives 12,000 miles yearly on under-inflated tires uses about 144 extra gallons of gas, at a cost of $300-$500 a year. And each time one of those gallons of gas is burned, 20 pounds of carbon dioxide is added to the atmosphere as the carbons in the gas are released and combine with the oxygen in the air. As such, any vehicle running on soft tires is contributing as much as 1.5 extra tons (2,880 pounds) of greenhouse gases to the environment annually. Safety Besides saving fuel and money and minimizing emissions, properly inflated tires are safer and less likely to fail at high speeds. Under-inflated tires make for longer stopping distances and will skid longer on wet surfaces. Analysts point to under-inflated tires as a likely cause of many SUV rollover accidents. Properly inflated tires also wear more evenly and will last longer accordingly. Check Pressure Frequently and When Tires Are Cold Mechanics advise drivers to check their tire pressure monthly, if not more frequently. The correct air pressure for tires that come with new vehicles can be found either in the owner’s manual or inside the driver-side door. Beware, though, that replacement tires may carry a different PSI rating than the originals that came with the car. Most new replacement tires display their PSI rating on their sidewalls. Also, tire pressure should be checked when tires are cold, as internal pressure increases when the car has been on the road for a while, but then drops when the tires cool back down. It is best to check tire pressure before heading out on the road to avoid inaccurate readings. Congress Mandates Technology to Warn Drivers As part of the Transportation Recall Enhancement, Accountability and Documentation Act of 2000, Congress has mandated that automakers install tire pressure monitoring systems on all new cars, pickups, and SUVs beginning in 2008. To comply with the regulation, automakers are required to attach small sensors to each wheel that will signal if a tire falls 25 percent below its recommended PSI rating. Car makers spend as much as $70 per vehicle to install these sensors, a cost that is passed along to consumers. However, according to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, some 120 lives a year are saved now that all new vehicles are equipped with such systems. Edited by Frederic Beaudry.